               8.     
                              
         
                祭 㭭  諮 ᥫ -
          । ⥬,   । 稭 ᫠ ⮩稢 -
         ࠭⮢  ࠩ   䥪樮  䥪樮 -
          ᭮  ⥬ ࣠,     ⢥ 
         ࠧ  ࠧ  䮭 ⢨ -
          -᪨  䠪஢ 筮  㭭 
          ࣠.  襭 믮 㭭 ⥬ ⭮ 
         㭪樨  裡   묨  㭪樮묨  䥪⠬  
         쥢    ᭮ 襭 ﭨ ஢ (஢ 
         .., 堩 ..,1990).
              ⭮ 㭪樮஢ 㭭 ⥬  ࠩ -
         ,  易  ⢨  ࣠ 祫  -
         䨧᪨ 䠪஢  让 ᨫ  稢,  ᯮᮡ  
           䥪⮢  ॣ樨 㭭 ⠧  (-
          .., ࣨ ..,1981;  ..,1986), ਢ  -
           ࠭  ன  ᯠ⥫쭮  ⮫,  ᮧ 
         ஧ 뢠  ⨢   । ᪫  -
         室 ண  ᯠ  ஭᪮  (᪨ ..,  ࡠ 
         ..,1983, ..த ..,1991, ᨫ쥢 ..,1985, 䣠
         ..,1990  ..,1988, ⮢ ..,1994). 
               ᫥  ᯥ  祭 堭 ঠ -
         㭭 ⠧   ࠩ  ⥫쭮  ਫ ।-
         ⠢  ,   ᭮ ࠧ  㭮-
         ⮢  ⥫쭮  ᥫ ਯ ॣ (-
         ᨫ쥢 .., 鸞 ..,1979; 祥 ..,1983,  ..  
         .,1976, 㫨 ..,1989).
                ࣠  祫     ᫮ ⢨ 
         ६  䠪஢  㦠饩  ।  ⢫   
         堭  ᠬॣ樨  ⤥  ᪨  ⥬, 
         ⠪   १ ன   ⢨  (୥ .., 
         娭 ..,1985),  ᫥⢨ 祣   ॣ ⥬  
           ᯮᮡ    । 뢠 ᨬ쭮 
         殮  믮 ᢮ 㭪権.
                १ ᫥  ( ..  ., 1976,
         1979;  ..,1983; Stengard et al, 1987),  ⢥ত騥 -
         ⥫쭮 ﭨ,  뢠  ६묨  䠪ࠬ ᮪ 
           ⠡᪨   㭭 ,  뢠  㡮 
           䥪,   ⠪ 譨     ࠧ 
         ,  "᪨ ᪠"  ᮢ.
               ᫮ ⢨ ६ 䠪஢  㭭 -
            । ॠ  ॣ 堭,   
         ⭮ ⥬  -筮  㭨  (୥ .., 娭 
         ..,1985; Simpson, 1967).  뫠   䠧  ॠ஢ 
         㭭 ⥬:     ⠯ ந室 ᭨ 㭭 
         ⢥,  ࠧ ﭨ 㭭ᨨ  (㬥襭 ᫠ 
         -⮢  樨,  ᭨ ⢥ ⮢  ⮣ 
          ..), ᫥⢨ ந室   筮 ⠭-
          㭪樨 㭭 ⥬,  ᫥⢨  室    -  
         ⥬ ⢨  ⢥  ஢  ( 
         .., ࣨ ..,1981; Fabris,1987).   ⢥ত 
         묨 㣨 ᫥⥫,  ।  ⥫ ᮪ -
             ⭮⥫쭮  ᮫⭮ ᮤঠ --
         ⮢   ᥧ ,  㢥祭  ""-⮢  (䣠 
         ..,1982, 1983;  㡠 ..  .,1981;   ..  .,1981; 
         ᭨ ..,  1989;  ᮢ ..  ., 1983;  殢 ..,
         1990). 頥  ᥡ   䠪,     
         ஢   ⥫   ᫥  ⮢ୠ -
         ⭠  ⥫  -筮  㭨 (-
         ᮢ ..  .,1983;  ..,1988;  ..  .,1983,  
         .). ,  ࠢ,   㭪樮쭮 -
         ⨢ -⮢      㡯樮   
         뫨       60   (ਡ ..,1986; Rosen-
         berg,1983; Yunis,1974). ⮬ 䠪 ।  -
           ⥫쭮   㯯 ࠭⮢ (ᮢ .. 
          .,1983;  .., 1988;   ..  .,1983)  
         ।,    ६ ᫮ ᮪   
         樨 㭭 ⥬   ⥫  ࠧ 
         ᪮७.     
              ⭮,     -⮪  ⮨   㡯権, 
         ᯥ樠஢  믮   ।  -筮 
         㭪樨  (Gershon,1974;  Cantor,  Asofski,1972;  Cantor, Weissman,
         1976; Reinherz, Schlossman,1980),  ⭮, 뤥 㡯-
         樨 ⮢,  奫୮  ୮ ⨢. 
         祭 ⢥  ࠪ⨪  㡯権  -
           ⨨ 堭 ନ஢  㭮⮢ 
          ६ ᫮, ।뫪 祬 㦠 ࠡ ..-
         㫨  .(1983,1986,1987,1989),    稥 -
           ᮮ⭮襭  奫   ⮢  ᥢ-
         .
               ࠧ,   , 饭 祭 
         ⢥ ࠪ⨪  -⮢  ᮪ , -
          뤥  ࠪ ᮡ:   -
           ᭨ ⭮⥫쭮  ᮫⭮ ⢮ --
         ⮢,  ⥯ ⮣  ᭨  ᫮  䠧 ⨢ 
         , 㠫묨 ᮡﬨ 㭭  ᫥-
            ⮬.
              室  楫 ᫥, ᮡ  ।⠢ -
             㭭   ⥫ ਮ ஦-
           ࠩ .    ,  -
           ⨢稢 䠪᪮  ਠ,  ࠦ饣 -
          ᫥  ⮩ , ⠪   ࠡ 㪠뢠-
           ᭨ ᫠ -⮢   㭪樨   2-3  
              ᫥騬  饭   室  ஢; 
         㣨 ⬥  㭮  ᥬ  殮 ⢨ -
         ६ 䠪஢ (஭ .., 稪 ..,1983).
              ਭ    䠪,   㭭 ⥬ -   
          ᮢ㯭 㭮᪨ ⥫,   ᫮ -
         ⥬ 裡 䮨  䮨 ⮢, 祭 -
         㭭     -⥬ ⮢  -
          ⥬,  騬  ॠ樨  㭮᪨ 㭪-
         権,   ᫥  - -筮  㭨, 믮-
           䥪୮ 㭪樨  (ᨭ⥧ ⥫) 㭪 ॣ 
         㭭 ⢥ ( ..  ., 1984).
               ࠡ ..  .(1981) 뫮 ,  ⭮-
         쭮 ᫮  -⮢  ,  ࠪ᪨ ஢ ⥫ 
          ᭨,  ࠢ  ⥫ﬨ   -
          ᫥,  ஦   ࠩ  㬥७ ⮬. B
            ६  ࠡ   祭  ⢥  ᮤঠ  
         ஢ 㭮㫨   ᭮ ᮢ  ⥫ 
         宦 ⭮⥫쭮 ࠪ    ⥫  
          ⥫  ᮪ .   拉 ࠡ   㬥襭 
         ஢ 㭮㫨  ࠪ᪨ ஢ ⥫  (-
         ᭨ ..,1986;  ஢ ..,  ..,1986; Flinn  .,
         1977),   㣨 -  㢥祭 㭮㫨  樨  
           (䣠 ..,1982; ᮢ ..  .,1983;  ..,
         1983).    ࠡ ⬥砫 ⢨ ࠧ稩  -
         ⢥ 㭮㫨  ᮪  ।    -
          ஦         ப  ( .., 
         1988).
               ᭮ 裡  ᮬ ࠧ 㭮㫨 -
          䠧 ନ஢ ᮢ ⨣-⥫ (㭭 -
         ).  㭮ॣ୮ ﭨ  㫨 㭭 -
         ᮢ,  饥   㭪樮஢ ⨪㫮--
         ⥫쭮 ⥬, 䠣୮ ⨢ 䨫, -
         拉  ⮢    ।⢥,  ⠪  ।, 
           㭮⥭묨 ⪠, ।⠢ -
           ᫥  ᮤঠ  㫨 㭭 ᮢ  
           裡  ᮢ  㭮⥭묨 ⪠ 
           ⥫   ।  ஫  ନ஢ 
         㭭   ⥫ ࠩ .
                  ஫  㭪樮஢ 㭭 ⥬  
         樨  ६  ᫮  ࠩ    ⢮  
         䨫  (ᨫ쥢 .., 1976;  ᪨ ..,  ᪨ .., 
         1983; ᪨ ..,1986;  ..  .,1981).
              祭 㭪樮쭮  ⨢ 䨫  ६-
          ᫮    㡮  ன   -
         樨.  ᫥, ஢  ᪮   ய-
         ᪮   ( ..  .,1979; 䣠 ..,1982; -
          .., 1986; ᪨ ..  ., 1981;  ..  ., 1983) 
          ⥭  ᭨ ⨢ 䨫  -
         ⥫ 䠣୮  ⨢ 䨫,   ⠪  -
         , ࠦ饣 ⥯ 㭪樮쭮 ࠧࠦ 䨫 
          ⨬樨, ਡ   ⢥ ﭨ.  -
          ᭮ 祭 㭪樮쭮 裡 -
           ⮢  業 㭭  । -
         騬 ⢨  ⮢   䨫  த⮢  -
         ⥫쭮 䨫  㭮⥭ ⪨.
               ࠧ,     १⠬ -
          ⥫  㭭   諮 ᥫ   
         ,   ⢥ ⫨   -
           ࠪ᪨ ஢ ᥫ  ॣ  㬥७ -
         ⮬,  । 室  室  祭 㭪-
         ஢  㭭 ⥬  諮 ᥫ ࠩ ,  
          ᫥饩 ࠧࠡ⪮ ॣ ଠ⨢.
               筥 ࠪ⨪ 㭪樮஢ 㭭 ⥬
          祫  ᮪  ਢ १ 襣 ᫥-
          210 ७ ⥫ , 2940 祫  諮 -
          ࠩ ,  ⠪ 200 ஢ ⥫  । -
          ᨨ.
              ।﫨 ⥫ 筮  㬮ࠫ쭮 㭨,
          ᮯ⠢﫨  ᪨, 娬᪨  㭪樮-
         묨 ⥫ﬨ ஢   ᫥.
               롮 ⮤  ᫥  㪮⢮ -
           饭 ࠪ⨪ 筮  㬮ࠫ-
          㭨  ᭮ 筮 ,    ⮢ 
         ( .., । ..,1990;   ..  .,1982; -
         ஢ ..  .,1984; । ..  .,1980).
              ।﫨  ⭮⥫쭮  ᮫⭮  ᫮  ⮢  
         ⮢  ᪮ ஢;  -  -஧⪮ࠧ-
           । ⭮⥫쭮  ᮫⭮ ⢠   -
         ⮪;  ⨢  ⥮䨫⢨⥫ ࠪ樨 -⮢  
         ॠ樨 ஧⪮ࠧ;   ⥫ ᮮ⭮襭 -
         ⠫  ⥮䨫⢨⥫  ⮢   । -
         ঠ  ⥮䨫१⥭ ⮪.   ࠪ⨪  㬮-
         ࠫ쭮   㭨  ᯮ짮  । 㭮-
         㫨  ᭮ ᮢ  㫨 㭭 -
         ᮢ.  ୠ ⥬ ࠪਧ 㭪樮쭮 ⨢-
          䨫    ⠭  ᨭ ࠧ 
         (-).
               १⮢ ᫥,  ஢     
         ⥫     ⫨  ⢥ -
         ⥫,  ࠪਧ ﭨ  -筮  㭨 
           ࠢ   묨  ࠬࠬ    ஫쭮  㯯 
         (⠡.34).
                 ⠡,  १ ᫥ ᮣ-
           묨   ᭨  ⥫ ᮪   -
         ⥫쭮, ⠪  ᮫⭮ ᫠ 砥 ⥫ --
         ⮢  (䣠 ..,1982; ᭨ ..,1986).   
               祭   ﭨ 㭭 ⥬  -
          ⥫  ࠩ   ࠧ    㯯 -
          ᮪  (51,8%)    (48,2%) ஢ 㭭 ॠ⨢
         (⠡.35).
              ⥫  㭭 ॠ権  ࢮ   㯯  
          ஬筮     ஢묨  ⥫ﬨ ।
          (஫쭠 㯯)  ன 㯯 ࠭⮢,   ᢨ-
         ⥫  ଠ쭮 㭭 ॠ⨢   . 
          ⥬,  㯯 ⫨砫 ⥫ ᭨ ⥫
         㭨,   ࠢ  ஫쭮 㯯.  﫮 
         ᭨ "⠫" - (31,5  0,69 %),  㬥襭 "⨢"
         - (16,8  0,34 %),   ⠪  ⮢୮  ᭨ ⢠
         -஢ (5,8  0,62 %).  
               ᭥ 䠪 ନ஢  㯯 室 -
          ஢    砥 㭮᪨ -
            ஦  ,  ⠪    ࠪ-
         ⨪ ⢨     䠪஢    
         ᪨ ⥬,   ⮬ ᫥ 㭭,  ⥫-
           ⢨,      砥 -  ⥫쭮  ஦ 
         諮 ᥫ  ᫮ ᮪ .
              뢠    (ᨫ쥢 .., 鸞 ..,1979; 
          ..  .,1983;  㫨 ..  .,1983)   ⥫ 
          㭮᪨  ⥫  ⥫쭮  ᥢ୮ 
         ⠦,   ஠஢    楫 । -
           ᫥  ࠪ  砥 -
         ⥫  ࠧ ப ஦    ⠭, ⠪ 
         ࠧ,    ਮ  樨,  ࠪਧ 
         訬 ᭨  㭮᪨  ⥫   㢥祭 
          ᪨ ਧ 襭 㭭 ⠧.
               ᮮ⢥⢨   騬      묨   䠧 
         樨 㭭 ⥬  ६ 䠪ࠬ ।  (-
          ..,1986),  ⠪  ⮬   諮-
          ᥫ  (ৠ ..  ., 1986) ᫥㥬 뫨 
         ꥤ   㯯, ஦  ࠩ : 3 , 
         4-6 , 7-8 , 9-14 , 15-20    20  (⠡.36).
                 ⠡ 36,  १⮢ ᫥ -
          ᪮쪮 ਮ, ࠪਧ ⥫ ᭨  
         ᡠᮬ 㭮᪨ ⥫  ப ஦  -
           3- , 7-8   15-20 ,  横᪨ ᬥ﫨 
         ਮ ⠡樨  (4-6 , 19-14 , 20   ). -
          ⬥,   ப ஦    3-  ⬥-
           ᨬ  祭  ⥮䨫१⥭  ⮢  
         ࠢ  ᥬ  ᫥騬  ਮ  (p < 0.01),    ப 
         ஦  7-8   ⥫  ⮢୮ 訬,  祬  
         ।騥 ਮ (p < 0.003).
              祭 ⥫ ࠭  -  ⬥ 室 
          㣨  묨  ⥫ﬨ     ࠧ 
         ਮ ஦   ,   ᢨ⥫  ᭨  
         "᪨"  ਮ 樨     ⮫쪮 饣 ᫠ 
         -,     㭪樮쭮 ⨢ -⮢.
              ਮ  襣  ᭨  ⢥  ⥫ 
         -⮢  ப  3- ,  7-8   15-20     
         ᫮ ᮪ .  ᫥ 筨,   ᬮ  
          ⨭   ஢  㭭  ࠪ⨪  㪠 
         ᪨ ਮ,   30 %  ᫥ ࠭﫨 쭮 
         ᮪ ஢ 業樨  -⮢  ᪮ ஢, 
         ⨣騩 50-65 %.    ࠪ᪨   ⪫  
         業樨 㭮㫨,  筮 ᮪ ஢ -
         奫஢  -஢,  ⠪  ᮮ⭮襭.     -
          ⥫    뫮  ⪫  ⠡᪨  
         ਭ ⥫, ⢮ ࠦ 樮-
          殮  㣨  ਧ ஭᪮ .   
         㯯 ᫥ ⫨砫 ⠪  ᮪ ⥫ﬨ -
         ஢.
                ⥬,  䠪   ⮬,  ⢮ --
         ⮢  ᪮  ஢   ⥫쭮    ⥫ 
             㯯  ⥫쭮   -
             ᭨,  ࠢ  묨 -
         ⥫ﬨ  ஫쭮 㯯.
               ⭮, ⢥ ⥫   ࠦ
         㭪樮   -筮  㭨.   ⮩ 
         裡 १ 祭  ॠ樨 ⭮ ࠭ଠ樨 -
         ⮢  ⮣  ()  ⥫쭮 ᢨ⥫  ᭨
         㭪樨 -⮢   㯯 ᫥ - 56,5  1,23 %
         ⨢ 71,2  2,60 %  ஫쭮 㯯 (, 襥 ᭨-
          ⬥祭  ன 㯯 - 41,4  2,21 %).
               - ⥯  ᭨ ⥫  筮 -
          ५    ⥫   㬮ࠫ쭮 
         (⠡.37). 
              祭 ⥫ -⥬ 㭨  ᫥㥬 -
          ᮪   ࠢ  ஫쭮 㯯  -
         ୮ ᭨ ⭮⥫쭮 ᫠ -  ࠭⮢. 
              ࠢ । 祭 㭮㫨   -
         ஥ ᭨ ஢  ⥫  ,     
          ⥭樮 ࠪ,       㭮-
         㫨 ,  ᢨ⥫  ⢨ ࠧ稩  -
         ⢥ ࠪ⨪   ᮢ 㭮㫨   
         ⥫   ࠢ  ஫.
              ஢ ⥫ 㭮㫨 G  ⮢୮  
          ⥫ ᮪ ,   ⥬ ᫥ ⬥,  ᭨-
          業樨 㭮㫨  G ⠥  ⮢୮   
         ᮪  ⥫ﬨ  㫨  㭭 ᮢ  -
         ஫쭮 㯯.
               楫 祭  ﭨ  ⥫쭮  ⢨ 䠪஢ 
         ᮪   ⥫  -⥬ 㭨  ஠-
         ஢ 祭 㭮㫨  㫨 㭭 -
         ᮢ  ࠧ ப   ᮪ .
              뫮 ⬥祭,   業 㭮㫨   㢥-
          ப ஦     4  20    ⮢୮ 
          﫠.  ஢ 㭮㫨 G ⠪ ࠪ᪨  -
         ,  訥 ( ⮢୮) 祭  ।﫨  
         ਮ 7-8   20  ஦  .  ஢  㭮-
         㫨    ⠪ ⢥  ᥫ  ⥫쭮   
         ᫮ ᮪ .
               뫮 ,  ஢ 㫨 㭭 -
         ᮢ  ( ⫨稥  㭮㫨)  襩 ⥯ ᥫ 
          ⥫쭮   ,    業樨 -
         ।﫨  ਮ 4-6, 9-14     20 ,   訥 -  
         ਮ 7-8   ࠢ  ।騬 (p < 0,01)   ᫥騬 
         (p < 0,05) ਮ.
              祭 ⥫ 業樨 㫨 㭭 -
         ᮢ  ࠧ  ப ஦     ⠭-
         ,   訥 । 祭 ⥫  ।﫨 
          7-8  15-20  ஦  ,   ᮮ⢥ "-
         ᪨" ਮ. 襭 ஢ 㫨 㭭  -
         ᮢ  ।﫮  䮭 ⢨   ⢥ 
         ⥫ 㭮㫨   ,  ⠢ ⥫ -
          㫨 㭭 ᮢ.
              ⭮⥫쭮 ⢮ -⮢,  業  㭮-
         㫨 G   ⥫  ⮢୮ ,  ஢ 
         㫨  㭭 ᮢ ⮢୮ ,  祬  ⥫ 
         । , ⫨稩  ஢ 㭮㫨      
         뫮.  ⥫  㫨 㭭  ᮢ  ᥫ  
         ⥫쭮 ஦   ᫥: ਮ 7-8  15-
         20  ᮮ⢥⢮  ᨬ,   ਮ 4-6, 9-14, 20  
           -  祭.
                 稭   㭭 ᮢ  樨 
           ᭨   ७ 䠣騬 ⪠,  -
         । 室 祭 裡 㫨 㭭 
         ᮢ  㭪樮쭮 ⨢ 䠣⮢ (-).
                ᯮ⠭ - ,  । ᫥-
         㥬 ⨭  ⥫   뤥 㯯  
         ଠ묨 (  10%)  ᮪ ( 16%) 祭ﬨ ⮣ 
          (⠡. 38).
              ⥫ ᯮ⠭  -  㯯   ଠ묨  
         祭ﬨ     ⮢  ࠧ稩  ⥫ﬨ  -
         ஫쭮 㯯,     ६   㯯    ᮪  祭ﬨ 
         । 稭 ⮢୮ ⫨砫  ஫ (p < 0,01).
               ⮩   㯯  ⮢묨  ஫ 뫨  ⥫ 
         ஢ - (p < 0,05).
                ⨬  㯯  ᭮  ७-
         ஢ 祭   ᮡ⥩  㭪樮쭮 ⨢-
           䨫  㯯  ᮪  ଠ쭮 ᯮ⠭ -
         ⨢ 䨫    .
              ⠢   祭 㭪樮쭮 ⨢ -
         䨫  -⮢ 뢠,   㯯  襭 -
         業⮬ 䨫  祭 ଠ    ⨬樨 -
           ᭨  ⭮⥫쭮  ᫮  -⮢  (35,2  1,7; 
         p < 0,01),   ᭮   - . (5,2  1,1; p < 0,01)  
         ࠢ  㯯,  ࠪਧ饩  ଠ묨  ⥫ﬨ 
         -.
              祭    ᢨ⥫   襭  ⥫ 
         ᯮ⠭ -  ᭨  ⨬樨  ⥫쭮  
          諮 ᥫ .  稭 ᯮ⠭  -
          ⨭  ᫠   㯯  ଠ쭮 
          襭 ⨢ 䨫.  㯯  ᮪  業⮬  
         ⨢஢ 䨫  ࠪਧ  ⥫ﬨ 
         -筮  㭨.
               ᨬ  ⥫쭮 ஦   , ᫥-
         㥬 뫨 ꥤ   㯯,    ᯮ짮  
         祭  ⥫  -   - 쥢  㭭 ⥬  
         (⠡.39).
               ᫥  ⠡,  ᫥  । -
           ⥫  -   ਮ  ஦  
         .  ,  祭 ᯮ⠭ - ।-
           ਮ ஦ 4-6, 9-14   20 ,   -
          ࠪ  ᨬ 祭  ⨬樨.
              訥 祭 ᯮ⠭ -   -
         稭   ⨬樨 ⬥砫  ਮ ஦  祭 
         4-6   20  稬 (p < 0,05 - 0,01).
               த⥫쭮        ⠪ -
          ⥭  襭 祭 ᯮ⠭ -,   
         ⮣ ந室 ᭨ ⥫ ⨬樨.
               ⬥  䠪,    㯯  ᫥, -
           ࠩ  3, 7-8, 15-20 , 71,8% ⠢   
         ᮪ ⥫ﬨ ᯮ⠭ -.
               뫮  ࠭,    ஢ 㫨-
           㭭  ᮢ  㭪樮쭮 ⨢ 䨫 
           ,   뫨 ஢ ᫥,  ⢥-
         訥  .   ᫠ ᫥  뫨 뤥 ,  
          ⥫ ᯮ⠭  -  ॢ蠫 9%  (⥫ 
            ⠢ 40,3  2,3)  ,    ⥫ ॢ-
         蠫 20%  (⥫  - 64,2  4,5).   ࠧ,  㯯  
         ᮪ ⥫ﬨ ᯮ⠭ - ⢮ 㫨-
          㭭 ᮢ  1,6 ࠧ 뫮 ,  祬  㯯  -
         묨 祭ﬨ ᯮ⠭ -.
               ⢮  ।  ᨬ  ⥫ﬨ 
         ᯮ⠭  -     ᢨ⥫ ⠪   ⮬, 
           襭 業   60  110 ..  
         ⮢୮ 㢥祭 ⥫ ᯮ⠭ - (p <0,01). 
          ⬥,   㯯  ᮪  ଠ묨 祭ﬨ 
         ᯮ⠭ - ⢥ ⫨稩  । 祭 -
         ஢  -  .    ᢨ⥫  ⮬, 
          ஢  㫨  㭭  ᮢ  蠥   
          ᭨  ७ 䨫, ⠪   १ -
         ⨢஢ 䨫,  ।, , ᮪ ᪮-
          ࠧ, ᭨ ७ ⪠ ⨪㫮-⥫-
         쭮 ⥬.  ⠪ 砥 襭 ᯮ⠭ - -
          ᫥⢨ 襭 ஢   ஢.
               裡  ⥫ ᢨ⥫ ⠪ -
              樨  ᫮  : -
         ᨬ   祭 ⥫ ᯮ⠭ - 
          㫨  㭭  ᮢ  ।﫨      
         ਮ.
              祭  १ ᫥ ﭨ ⥬ -
         㭨 ࠪ᪨ ஢  ⥫ , -
         訥  ⢥ ⫨   ⥫   ࠢ-
           ஫쭮 㯯,  ࠦ ࠧ⨥ 筮 㭮-
         ⭮ ﭨ.
               ᨬ 㭮᪨ ⥫  -
          ⠦  । ᪮쪮 ਮ,    -
         㭭 ⥬ 뢠 ᨬ쭮 殮  (3,  7-8, 15-20 
         ), ࠪਧ騥 ᨬ ᭨ ᫠ -⮢, 
         㢥祭 ᮮ⭮襭 奫/,  ⥫ 㢥-
          ஢  㫨 㭭 ᮢ,  ᭨  
         ⨬樨 䨫,  襭  ⥫  ᯮ⠭ -
         .
               ࠧ,  ࠪ ਧ 㭭  -
          ᥫ ࠩ   ᭨  㭭 -
         ⥫  ࠢ  ஫쭮  㯯.  ଠ⨢묨 
         묨 ⠬, 騬    ᮢ ᫥-
            ⨯ ன  㭭 ⥬,  :  
         ᭨ ᫠ -⮢ ᮫⭮ (<650 /.)  ⭮-
         ⥫쭮 (<36%),  ⭮⥫쭮 ᫠ -  (<4%);  襭 
         ஢ 㫨 㭭 ᮢ (>65 ..)  -
          ᯮ⠭ - (>12%).
                㭮᪨  ⥫  諮 ᥫ 
            த⥫쭮  ⢨  ६ 
         䠪஢ ᮪ ,   뤥 "᪨" -
           3, 7-8  15-20  ᥢ୮ ⠦, ।騥  ਮ 
         ⠡樨 ⥫.
              ᫥ ᢨ⥫  ⮬,   ⨢ -
         ன⢠  ⥫ ᮪ ,  ⠪ ࠧ⨥  ࠪ -
          ⮫   । ᡠᮬ 㭭 ⥬. 
         ⮬ ࠧ 㭭 ﭨ  ᪨ -
         ਮ 樨 﫮 㢥祭 ᫠   ⮫ -
          堭,  饢७, 祭, ਭ  ⭮-筮 
         ⥬.   ਮ   㭮 ﭨ, -
           ப ஦   ⠫ ᫮  -
          , ७ ஭᪮ ⮫ -࣠-
         ,  न-ᯨ୮ ⥬,  ࣨ᪨  ன,  
         ⠪ 㣮 ⮫. 
              稥 ᠭ   ᪨  ᫮  
         㭮⮢  ,   祭  ନ஢ 
         ⮫  ᮡ  諮 ᥫ,    室 
         ஢  ᭮  堭  ନ஢    ன 
         ⨢   ࣠ 祫  ६ --
         䨧᪨ ᫮. 
              ⪮ ⠭  ⤥ ,    -
         ⮣ ࠧ ᥢ 㭮 ﭨ. 
              騥   ﭨ  筮  பᨤ-
         樨   㭮⥭  ⪨   㭪,   ⠪  稥
         ᨭ஬   ௥பᨤ樨  樨 祫  -
         ६ ᫮ ।,   ।,   
         㭮 ﭨ   १  ࠭ -
         䥪 䮨 ⮪.
               뫮 ஢ 祭 ࠦ  筮 㭮-
           ᨬ  ⥯ ᡠ  ⥬:  ⨮-
         -பᨤ.   ᫥ ⢥न,  
         ⠭ 筮 பᨤ樨 (0,158  0,013 .., 
         ଥ  0,084  0,004  ..)    䮭    ⨮ᨤ⮢  
         (109,0  11,4 ./,  ଠ - 168,7  12,5 ./)  ᮮ⢥ 
         ᭨ ᮫⭮ (746,3  42,1)  ⭮⥫쭮 ⢠ -
         ⮢ (41,1  1,0), 㡯権 -奫஢ (30,7  2,1)  -
         ஢ (5,0  1,5),  㬥襭 ⢠ 㭮㫨 
         (1,90  0,08),  (1,28  0,12)   G (11,2  0,36),  襭 -
         業樨 㫨 㭭 ᮢ (77,4  3,0).
                 ஫ ᨭ஬  ௥பᨤ樨  
         ନ஢ ࠭ 䥪⮢,     -
          ᨭ஬  । ⠯ ஦ 祫   ⨪,
         䠪 ᨬ ᭨ ᨣ ᬥ蠭 ⨯  ⥯-
          ࠦ ஫㥬 ⨮ᨤ⠬  ப-
         樨,   㢥७ ⢥ত,   騩 
           ⠡  㦥த   㣨 娬᪨
         ᮥ  祭 ⠭ 稭 ⥫쭮 㧪 
         㭭 ⥬ ࣠.   ᫥ ᢨ⥫  
         ⮬,   ⮪ᨪ樮 㭪樨 祭  ࠧ ਮ-
          樨 祫  ᫮   ⢥   -
         ﭨ 㭭 . ,  㢥祭  1/2 ⨯ਭ
         (ࠪਧ饣 㭪 祭  ࠡ⪥  㦥த ᮥ-
         ) ᮮ⢥ 㢥祭 ஢ 㭮㫨  㬥-
           ⢠  -⮢    㡯権   ᪮ 
         ஢.   , ᨫ ஫㥬  ப-
         樨  35%  ᮯ஢ ᭨ 㭪樨 ⮪ᨪ樨  25-
         -30%, 㬥襭 ᫠ -⮢  25-35 %  㢥祭 -
         業樨  㫨 㭭 ᮢ   25-30%.   
         㬥襭  ⮪饩 㭪樨 祭  ५  ⮬  
         ⥫ﬨ 筮 㭨  ᮪ 祭 樥-
         ⮢ ५樨  ( - 0,65  - 0,89)   㢥祭 業樨 
         -㫨  ஢ (r = 0,69  0,03). 
              ⨢ ॠ樨    ᭨ ⥫ 筮 
         㭨  ᪨ ਮ ஦    易   
         ⠪    ஭᪮     ⥫ ꥬ 
         ஢ ⨪ந ମ  ஢ (⠡.40).  ᮪ -
          ⨧  ஢ ᫥ ⠫  ᭨ -
         ⥫ 筮 㭨.  , ᫥ ⬥   䠪, 
           ,    ⥪  ࠦ ਭ-
          ॠ樨  ⥫쭮 樥 ⨧  ஢,  㭮-
           ﭨ   .  筮 ⠪   ଠ 
         ஢ ⨧   । ਮ  樨  祫  
          ᮯ஢  襭  ⥫  㭭   
         稭, ᮮ⢥ 䨧᪨ ଠ  । .
              ⠪,  ,    ࠧ⨨   ᪨ -
         c ᥢ 㭮⮢   祭 ᫥騥 
         䨧᪨ 堭:
              - ࠦ ᨭ஬  ௥பᨤ樨,   ஬
          ४ ਢ  ࠭  䥪 ⮢,  
         ⢥ত  १⠬ ⥫쭮 ⢨  ﭨ
         㭭 ⥬ ९⮢,  ⨮ᨤ ⢨;
              - । ஫  ⮣ 㭮⮢  -
         襭  ⥬ 뢥 த⮢ 㭭 ॠ権 祭 १
         ⥬  䠣  ᨣ ⥬ ⮢,   祬
         ᢨ⥫ ᨬ 㬥襭 ⢠ -,  ᭨
         ⥫ ,  㢥祭   ᭨ ⨢ -
           ⥫쭮 ᯮᮡ 䨫.
              ,  १ ᫥, ⮣᪨ -
          ନ஢  㭮⮢       
         ࠧࠡ⪥  室   ४樨  䨫⨪.    ⥬, 
           裡 讣 ᫠ ஭᪮ ⮫  諮 -
         ᥫ   ,  ᫮ 騬  㭮⠬, 
            ன 㭭  ⥬  । 䥭-
         ⨯᪮  ।ᯮ,  稥 ⥫쭮 ᫠ 
           ࠤ   㭮⮢,   ⠪ 稥 
         ᪨  ᫮  㭮  ﭨ  ⥫ 
         ࠩ ,     ᭨ ⥫ -
            㬮ࠫ쭮  㭨,  ⠪   ᮪   
         묨 ᯨ묨 䥪ﬨ,  ਭ⠬, 奨⠬, -
         窮묨  ࠦﬨ ,  ࣮,  묨 䥪ﬨ  
         ..;   䠪 ᮪ ।ᯮ   㭮-
         ⠬  䥪樮 ,  ⢥ -
         ,  ࣠ 堭, 饢७, ࣮, -
           ⮬,   ⨢  ॥      
         稥 㭮⮢ (ࢨ  ਮ⥭),  ⠪ ।-
         ᯮ   ⨬  㭮⠬,      
         㤭 ,  ࠦ -࣠, ⥬ ࣠ 
         饢७,  ⥫⢥ ஭᪮  ਠ쭮  ᭮ 
         䥪樨.  
            
                                                                   34
             ⥫ -筮  㭨   ⥫ 
             ࠩ   ࠢ  ஫쭮 㯯  (  m)
       ͻ 
          ⥫           ⥫           ⥫      ⮢୮ 
                          . ᨡ᪠    . ਫ᪠   ࠧ稩 (p)  
       ͹ 
                   %        56.1  0.96       36.5  0.80      < 0.001    
        -  Ķ 
                       1227.5  65.2      649.2  15.7      < 0.001    
       Ķ 
                   %        32.8  0.99       17.6  0.60      < 0.001    
        - ࠭ Ķ 
                        664.8  48.3      314.8  10.6      < 0.001    
       Ķ 
                   %        13.6  0.90        7.1  0.50      < 0.001    
        -  Ķ 
                        300.7  16.2      127.7  7.6       < 0.001    
       Ķ 
                   %        40.6  0.87       29.4  0.50      < 0.001    
        -  Ķ 
                        874.6  56.0      522.9  14.9      < 0.001    
       ͼ 

                                                                35
             ⥫ -筮  㭨   ⥫ 
               ࠩ   㯯   ()  ᮪ (I) 
               稭 ᮫⭮ ᮤঠ -⮢ (  m)
         ͻ 
            ⥫       㯯           㯯 I         p <    
         ͹ 
           -  (%)    31.5  0.69       41.5  0.82      0.001   
         Ķ 
           - ࠭ (%)    16.8  0.34       20.4  1.12      0.05    
         Ķ 
           -  (%)     5.8  0.62        9.6  0.31      0.001   
         Ķ 
           -  (%)    29.8  1.06       27.9  0.83              
         ͼ 


                                                                                       36        
           ⥫ -筮  㭨   ⥫  ࠩ                         
              20-39   ᨬ  ᥢ୮ ⠦ (M  m)                         
ͻ      
                                         ப ஦                                    
   ⥫   Ķ      
                  3-    4-6      7-8      9-14     15-20    20        
͹      
  -  (%)  40.8  3.8  45.0  1.6  32.9  2.1  38.0  2.0  36.9  0.8   42.1  1.3        
Ķ      
  - ࠭ (%)  21.0  3.8  23.8  1.8  19.0  2.9  22.2  1.8  15.5  2.4   21.9  2.2        
Ķ      
  -  (%)   4.7  0.9   7.0  1.2   6.2  1.4   7.2  1.8   7.4  0.8    8.4  2.3        
Ķ      
  -  (%)  37.4  1.6  36.8  1.2  27.0  2.8  30.4  1.2  32.6  1.2   32.9  2.5        
ͼ      


                                                                    37
              ⥫ -筮  㭨   ⥫ 
              ࠩ    ࠢ  ஫쭮 㯯 (M  m)
      ͻ
        ⥫         ⥫             ⥫        ⮢୮ 
                       . ᨡ᪠     . ਫ᪠     ࠧ稩 (p)  
      ͹
       - (%)       18.5  1.4        12.0  0.9         < 0.001     
      Ķ
           Ig G          15.3  0.37       12.6  0.47        < 0.01      
      Ķ
           Ig M          1.67  0.20       1.43  0.38           -        
      Ķ
           Ig A          2.12  0.16       2.37  0.24           -        
      Ķ
        (..)     34.5  1.4        58.5  3.1         < 0.001     
      ͼ


                                                                   38
          ⥫ 㭪樮쭮 ⨢ 䨫  ⥫ ࠩ 
               㯯  ଠ묨 (I)   ᮪ () 祭ﬨ 
                  ፑ-  ࠢ  ஫쭮 㯯 (M  m)
      ͻ     
         ⥫        ⥫            ⥫           ⥫          
                       . ᨡ᪠   . ਫ᪠(I)  . ਫ᪠()     
      ͹     
       - ᯮ.    6.08  0.4        7.90  0.5      18.00  0.8       
      Ķ     
       - .   46.37  3.1       35.50  3.3      29.10  3.8       
      Ķ     
                        7.71  0.6        5.90  0.7       2.40  0.9       
      ͼ     


                                                                                         39          
        ⥫ 㭪樮쭮 ⨢ 䨫   ⥫ ࠩ                         
                         ᨬ  ᥢ୮ ⠦ (M  m)                                      
ͻ         
                                          ப ஦                                       
   ⥫   Ķ         
                  3-     4-6      7-8     9-14     15-20    20            
͹         
 - ᯮ. 13.9  2.8   8.3  1.1  19.9  3.1  11.0  1.8  17.0  2.3   11.8  1.3            
Ķ         
 - . 34.4. 3.0  38.6  2.0  28.2  2.7  31.1  3.2  27.3  3.9   32.7  2.2            
Ķ         
                3.8  1.5   6.8  0.7   1.7  0.8   4.1  2.0   2.1  1.0    4.2  0.9            
ͼ         

                                                           40
                  ⥫  業樨 ⨧  筮  
                  㭨  ஢  ࠪ᪨ ஢  
                         ᨬ  ᥢ୮ ⠦
                     ͻ  
                           ⨧      -      
                        ⠦     (/)       (%)       
                                                       
                     ͹  
                         1        320,036,3    39,90,3    
                         2        862,687,3    36,80,2    
                         3        719,664,1    41,50,5    
                       4 - 5      563,040,9    43,60,2    
                       6 - 7      810,369,3    33,90,2    
                       8 - 9      462,648,0    39,60,7    
                      10 - 11     672,361,1    39,30,6    
                      12 - 13     318,319,8    40,90,6    
                      14 - 15     764,582,7    41,80,3    
                      16 - 17     232,227,5    38,50,2    
                      18 - 20     535,148,3    38,20,3    
                     ͼ  

              
              
